There is considerable difference between IOC countries in the acceptance and support offered by parents and carers for disabled family members. In nearly all countries support for carers was not well developed.
Some respondents suggested that families and carers lacked motivation to support their disabled family member(s). In some countries this might be associated with a stigma that is attached with disabled people (they regard the disabled person as a burden). Others suggested a contrary view noting that large extended families were very supportive in providing basic care and support to disabled family members. It was also noted that in this situation disabled people could be involved in supporting family activities, such as child minding and cleaning. This will have an economic value as well as a value to the family.
The United Nations convention and other commonly agreed regulations promote, protect and ensure the human rights of disabled people. We observed that attitudes amongst many government departments are changing and there is growing appreciation of the needs of disabled people. More support or training about key issues facing disabled groups could help to support this ‘culture change’ within government. In some countries acceptance and support for disabled people amongst the wider population is far below levels observed in the UK and France. Government and Centres of Excellence could use traditional and technological channels to raise awareness of disability issues.
Culture change is always a long-term process. But many of the initiatives suggested for discussion at the workshop will make a difference. Support for government employees, integration into mainstream schools, more employment of disabled people and assistance for carers will all help. If culture change can be induced a virtuous circle should start to arise, for example greater acceptance by schoolchildren of disabled peers or more tolerance for disabled workers by others in the workforce will enable easier integration and understanding.
There was little evidence during our study of support to motivate (more ambivalent) carers to enhance their assistance for their disabled person to achieve full independence, empowerment and achieve their full potential. Equally, the support networks for carers are also very poorly developed and non-existent in most countries.
Caring obviously affects the lives of carers; there is also evidence that caring has adversely affected the health of 79 per cent of carers. Carers are the key (and usually constant) route to improving the life chances of disabled people, they also need support to better understand what is possible and what can be achieved by the disabled person they care for. Online or phone support networks for carers, such as www.carersuk.org, could be beneficial.
Key questions for the workshop are likely to include:-
- How can greater acceptance and assistance for disabled people in IOC countries be supported?
- What are the key barriers encountered in offering more help to carers?
- How can carers be better supported to enhance the lives of disabled people?